@article{ 
author = {Heidari, A and SHahrabi, M and Samavati, S},  
title = {The effect of the primary tooth extraction on the growth and development of 3-6 year old children}, 
abstract ={The effect of the primary tooth extraction on the growth and development of 3-6 year old children Alireza Heidari1 , Mahdi Shahrabi1, Somayeh Samavati2 1: Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Science 3: Dentist Corresponding Author: dr.m.shahrabi@gmail.com   Abstract Background and aims: Considering the role of the teeth on chewing and optimal nutrition, early loss of the primary teeth can have destructive effects on the child growth and development. Thus, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of early primary tooth extraction on growth and development of the children aged 3 to 6 years in the kindergartens. Materials and methods: In this study, 44 children, 30 with extracted teeth and 14 without extracted teeth participated. The children’s height and weight were measured every 2.5 months for one year. The participants had no systemic or congenital disease. The results were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA. Results: According to the statistical analyses the children who had no tooth extracted had significantly more weight gain(p-value=0.008) compared to the children who had some of their teeth extracted. The children without extracted teeth had also significantly more height gain(p-value=0.003) compared to the children with extracted teeth. However, based on the growth curves, the two groups showed no significant difference. Conclusion: considering the results of the present study, in addition to space control issues, the nutritional problems and their consequences such as height and weight problems should be taken into consideration while extracting the teeth of the children less than six years of age.},  
Keywords = {primary tooth extraction, growth. Development, height, weight},
volume = {11},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {7-14}, 
publisher = {Iranian Journal of Pediatric Dentistry},

doi = {10.29252/ijpd.11.1.7},
url = {http://jiapd.ir/article-1-86-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jiapd.ir/article-1-86-en.pdf},  
journal = {Iranian Journal of Pediatric Dentistry},  
issn = {1735-8434}, 
eissn = {1735-8434}, 
year = {2015}  
}

@article{ 
author = {KHodakarami, B and Masoumi, Z and Oliyayi, R and Oliyayi, M.H},  
title = {The survey of knowledge, attitude and practice of students to oral and dental health in Allameh Helli (1) high school in Hamadan}, 
abstract ={Introduction: Oral health is one of the most important factors in general health in any society. One way to improve oral health is awareness of its health status. The aim of this study was to evaluate students' knowledge and attitudes towards oral and dental health. Methods: In this cross - sectional study 165 male students of Allameh Helli (1) high school in Hamadan were studied with census method. The questionnaire that was used, had 4 sections including characteristics, knowledge, attitude and performance of the students. Data were analyzed using SPSS16 statistical software and chi-square test. Result: 70.9% of the students had moderate awareness to oral health. But 86.7% of them had high attitude. There was a significant relationship between maternal education level and students' attitudes toward oral health (p<0.05). 31.7% of students did not use dental floss, and 54% of them did not use mouthwash. Schools were the most important source of information in the field of oral health, in 31.5% of students. Conclusion: Knowledge, attitude, performance in Allameh Helli (1) high school students on oral hygiene was at a moderate level. Thus the need for education for these people is emphasized. Since the main source of information for students was school, it seems that education in this way can be achieved satisfactory results.},  
Keywords = {Knowledge, Attitude, Practice, Dental hygiene, Students },
volume = {11},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {15-22}, 
publisher = {Iranian Journal of Pediatric Dentistry},

doi = {10.29252/ijpd.11.1.15},
url = {http://jiapd.ir/article-1-87-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jiapd.ir/article-1-87-en.pdf},  
journal = {Iranian Journal of Pediatric Dentistry},  
issn = {1735-8434}, 
eissn = {1735-8434}, 
year = {2015}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Vafayi, A and Erfanparast, L and Karimoghli, M and Zarandi, A},  
title = {Comparison of knowledge, attitude and practice of general physicians, pediatricians & dentists regarding the children’s oral health in Tabriz.}, 
abstract ={Introduction: T study aimed to comparison of knowledge, attitude and practice of general physicians, pediatricians and dentists regarding the children’s oral health in Tabriz at 1393. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 225 participants (75 general physicians, 75 pediatricians and 75 dentists) which answered a questionnaire including 8 knowledge questions, 12 attitude questions and 6 practice questions. Data was analyzed by descriptive statistics and One-way ANOVA using spss-21 (P< 0.05). Results: The overall grade of acknowledgment and attitude was highly favorable among 3 groups; items such as caries due to breast feeding, milk during night and sugar contain liquids ranked lowly. Practice of general physicians and pediatrics regarding to children oral health care was low noticeably. Conclusion: Overall grade of acknowledgment and attitude was highly favorable among 3 groups. This study showed that the correlation between medical and dental system is needed to evaluate the practice of providers and nation oral health status.},  
Keywords = {knowledge, attitude, practice, pediatricians, children},
volume = {11},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {23-36}, 
publisher = {Iranian Journal of Pediatric Dentistry},

doi = {10.29252/ijpd.11.1.23},
url = {http://jiapd.ir/article-1-88-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jiapd.ir/article-1-88-en.pdf},  
journal = {Iranian Journal of Pediatric Dentistry},  
issn = {1735-8434}, 
eissn = {1735-8434}, 
year = {2015}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Nazemisalman, B and Basirshabestary, S and Kalantary, M},  
title = {Evaluation of dental caries prevalence between diabetic and non-diabetic adolescents}, 
abstract ={Introduction and aim: Diabetes is a metabolic disease which can have destructive effects on mouth and teeth due to dry mouth and high level of sugar in saliva. This research was performed to investigate the prevalence of dental carries in diabetics and to determine the relationship between diabetes and dental carries in diabetics and non-diabetics person in Zanjanian 2014. Methods: This cross–sectional study was conducted on 140 diabetic and 140 non diabetic adolescents. The data were collected using dental examination and oral observation and filling a questionnaire including the patients' demographic characteristics, educational level and oral hygiene status. The number of carious, remained teeth, missing of teeth and filled teeth was recorded. Data was analyzed with by T-Test and Chi- Square. Results: The results of this research revealed a significant increase in DMFT of diabetic group versus non-diabetic. There was significant different between caries and missing teeth of diabetic group and non-diabetic ones but no significant different between missing teeth of diabetic group and non-diabetic ones. Conclusion: The high prevalence of dental caries and tooth loss in diabetic patients indicated the need to pay more attention to the people living in this region for appropriate health and treatment measures. Experienced health workers should trained to guide the people regarding to proper oral hygiene, awareness to oral complications of diabetes and preventive measures.},  
Keywords = {Dental caries, Diabetes, DMFT Index},
volume = {11},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {37-46}, 
publisher = {Iranian Journal of Pediatric Dentistry},

doi = {10.29252/ijpd.11.1.37},
url = {http://jiapd.ir/article-1-89-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jiapd.ir/article-1-89-en.pdf},  
journal = {Iranian Journal of Pediatric Dentistry},  
issn = {1735-8434}, 
eissn = {1735-8434}, 
year = {2015}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Rashidian, A and Tajedin, M and Pourjamshid, T},  
title = {Comparison of salivary fluoride levels following use of Bath and Colgate dentifrices in children.}, 
abstract ={Purpose: Dental caries is a chronic disease in childhood. The most important way to fight tooth decay is to prevent it. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of Bath and Colgate dentifrices on salivary fluoride concentrations. Material and Method: In this cross-over clinical study, 12 children ages 6 to 12 years, were selected .the study was consisted of two steps. All subjects participated in both two tests. For each test the subject brushed with 0.5 gr. test dentifrice (Bath or Colgate) for one minute and then rinsed their mouth. Unstimulated saliva was taken in 5 min intervals in base line and after 15,30,60,90 minutes elapsed. Two days after taking first test, the second had been taken by using the second dentifrice. The content of fluoride was measured by means of an ion specific electrode and data were statistically analyzed by paired t-test, Repeated measure ANOVA. Results: After use of dentifrices, salivary fluoride increased between baseline to 15 minute and the decreased to 60 minute. Salivary fluoride concentration after use of Colgate dentifrice was statistically higher than the Bath dentifrice at 15, 30, 60 minute (p˂0.05). After use of dentifrices, the level of fluoride was zero (0.00) at 90 min. Conclusion: Colgate dentifrice was better than Bath dentifrice in releasing Fluoride in saliva to 60 minute.},  
Keywords = {fluoride absorbed, Colgate, bath, toothpaste, saliva},
volume = {11},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {47-54}, 
publisher = {Iranian Journal of Pediatric Dentistry},

doi = {10.29252/ijpd.11.1.47},
url = {http://jiapd.ir/article-1-90-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jiapd.ir/article-1-90-en.pdf},  
journal = {Iranian Journal of Pediatric Dentistry},  
issn = {1735-8434}, 
eissn = {1735-8434}, 
year = {2015}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Jafari, A and Safayi, H and PourHamisi, J},  
title = {General Dentists’ Practices on Dental Caries Prevention Services}, 
abstract ={Background and Aims: The control patterns and policies of dental caries have been changed from treatment to preventive services. The purpose of this study was to determine practice of general dentists on preventive dental services in Tehran Materials and Methods: A cross sectional descriptive-analytic study was designed and a self assessment questionnaire was developed on different aspects of preventive dentistry. It was given to general dentists participated in General Dental Practitioners Congress in Tehran and 290 of them filled and gave it back. Data was analyzed by SPSS software by linear regression. Results: Findings showed 19 dentists did not provide any health education to their patients while 133 (46.3%) presented it less than 5 minutes and 101 samples gave it 5 to 10 m. The most used subjects of health instructions were flossing (n=271, 93.4%), and tooth brushing (n=265, 91.4%). More than 72% of samples have done fluoride therapy always or occasionally for children. Almost one-fifth of them did not accept children for treatment. The dentists accepted kids presented more health instructions. Conclusion: According to this study, the practice and attitudes of the participated general dentists regarding preventive dentistry services were appropriate, but it is established that training can be done for children. It showed that dentists, who accepted children for treatment, provide health education more than others. Therefore the issue of health education, and emphasizing its presentation, should be the first priority of all continuing education programs.},  
Keywords = {General dentists, preventive dentistry, practice, health education, fluoride therapy.},
volume = {11},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {55-64}, 
publisher = {Iranian Journal of Pediatric Dentistry},

doi = {10.29252/ijpd.11.1.55},
url = {http://jiapd.ir/article-1-91-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jiapd.ir/article-1-91-en.pdf},  
journal = {Iranian Journal of Pediatric Dentistry},  
issn = {1735-8434}, 
eissn = {1735-8434}, 
year = {2015}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Najafiparizi, GholamAli and Tavakoli, A and Khoramiyan, S},  
title = {The effect of chlorhexidine and benzydamine on gingivitis}, 
abstract ={Background and purpose: Gingivitis is the most common type of periodontal diseases, established by local factors such as bacterial plaque. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the effect of benzydamine (BZD) and chlorhexidine (CHL) mouth rinses on the gingivitis after a week. Methods: This clinical trial performed on 32 patients with gingivitis. Patients were divided into case and control groups. Both groups were trained on oral health education. Participants inspected observed adequately, and then gingival index was recorded. If any calculus observed they would be omitted blindly for a week with mechanical and ultrasonic devices. Oral hygiene was prescribed after test observation the mouth after a week and gingival index was recorded again. Results: Based on statistical analysis the gingival index significantly reduced in both groups after one week rinsing (p<0.05). Gingival index reduction level showed 0.3 mean score in groups BZD and 0.42 in CHL group. The post treatment gingival index had no significant difference between two groups. Conclusion: The study has proved that BZD was effective in reducing gingivitis less than CHL. The Authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.  },  
Keywords = {chlorhexidine, benzydamine, mouth wash, gingivitis.},
volume = {11},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {65-72}, 
publisher = {Iranian Journal of Pediatric Dentistry},

doi = {10.29252/ijpd.11.1.65},
url = {http://jiapd.ir/article-1-92-en.html},  
eprint = {http://jiapd.ir/article-1-92-en.pdf},  
journal = {Iranian Journal of Pediatric Dentistry},  
issn = {1735-8434}, 
eissn = {1735-8434}, 
year = {2015}  
}