1 1735-8434 Iranian Journal of Pediatric Dentistry 114 General Comparison of antifungal effect of ZOE, Metapex and Sealapex on Candida Albicans khoramiyan tousi somayeh b b iran 1 4 2016 11 2 7 16 20 08 2017 20 08 2017 Background & Aim: The antiseptic characteristic of root canal filling materials seems very critical in pulpectomy procedure to eliminate residual pathogens of root canals. The aim of this laboratory study was to compare the antifungal activity against Candida albicans of ZOE with calcium hydroxide root canal filling pastes (Sealapex and Metapex).  Methods: An exprimental study was conducted and agar diffusion inhibitory test was used to assess antifungal activity. Thirty 10-cm-diameter dishes with four mm thickness of agar inoculated with Candida albicans were used and four five-mm-diameter wells per dish at equidistant points were filled with the three test root canal filling pastes (ZOE, Sealapex and Metapex) and distilled water as a negative control. After incubation of the plates at 37oC for 48 h, the diameter of the zones of fungal growth inhibition produced around the wells was measured (in mm) with a caliper. Kruskall-Wallis test was used to analyse the data. Level of significancy was less than 0.05. Results: Kruskall-Wallis test indicated that there were statistically significant differences (p<0.001) among median of the zones of fungal growth inhibition produced by the 3 different materials. Median diameter of inhibition zones of fungal growth was significantly higher in ZOE than both Metapex (p<0.001) and Sealapex (p<0.001). Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it appears that ZOE has more antifungal activity than Metapex and Sealapex.
115 General Comparison of fluoride uptake of three fluoride varnishes on primary teeth enamel Mighani GH c SHafagh P d c Iran d Iran 1 4 2016 11 2 17 26 20 08 2017 20 08 2017 Background: The amount of fluoride uptake is an important factor of varnish fluoride to choose it for use. The purpose of this study was to compare of primary teeth’s fluoride uptake among three kinds of sodium fluoride varnishes (Ariadent, Voccu and Soltan). Materials and Methods:An experimental study was done on  three kinds of sodium fluoride varnishe (including Ariadent, Soltan and Vocco ones). Twenty-five extracted primary molar were set in each groups. Amount of fluoride uptake and efficacy among these three varnish models were evaluated. Each tooth was devided in halfs in mesiodistal direction while each half was randomly selected in case and experimental subgroups. Roots were also removed. All surfaces; except enamel, was covered by polish and then varnishefluoride was applied on enamel surface. For 24 hours followed by inserting to 10 cc deionized water. Two steps of adding KOH 0.2 mol and percloric acid (HClO4) 0.5 mol each one for 30 seconds were performed. All specimens were soluted in 10 cc deionized double washed water and shaked with shaker. Next all samples were prepared by Acid Etch Enamel Biopsy method for determining fluoride concentrations with spectrophotometer. Data  was analyzed by variance, one way variance and Games-Howell test. The level of significancy was less than 0.01. Results:The results showed that fluoride uptake was different for studied varnishes while applicating Sultan varnish showed highest fluoride amount in teeth. Comparison between Vocco and Ariadent showed significant difference as well as Sultan and Ariadent varnish (p-value 0.014 and 0.016 consequenly), but there was no significant difference between Vocco and Soltan varnishes. Conclusion: Fluoride uptake could help us to choose varnish beside with other characteristics like easily applying, the color remaining on teeth, packing, flavor, durability. The results and findings proved that among three evaluated sodium fluoride varnishes, the Sultan showed better efficacy and potency in aspect of tooth uptaking fluoride. 116 General Dermatoglyphics and Hypodontia Ajami B e Mahdavi shahri N f Ebrahimi M g GHavide N h e Iran f Iran g Iran h Iran 1 4 2016 11 2 27 34 20 08 2017 20 08 2017 Introduction: There are several studies in relation to dermatoglyphics with some fields in dentistry. The objective of this study is evaluation of relation between dermatoglyphics and hypodontia in cases with congenital hypodontia. Materials & Methods: In this case-control study, 20 cases with hypodontia and 20 cases as control group were selected from those referred to Mashhad Dental School. Ink  method was used in this study.Data analyzed with SPSS, and T-test with significancy of 0.05 was used for statistical analyses. Results: T-test showed no significant difference between the mean number of ridge count in the left and right hands of the subjects. .T-test showed significant difference between both groups in frequency of loop pattern type of the finger tips.  (P=0.01). Also there is no significant difference between both study groups in frequency of types of arch and whorl patterns of the finger tips. Conclusion: Dermatoglyphics may be considered in diagnosis of hypodontia; however further researches in large groups especially according to dermatoglyphics' qualitative characteristics in cases with congenital hypodontia is needed.  117 General Evaluation of oral health status of disabled students in a primary school Gohari A i Soroush M j i Iran j Iran 1 4 2016 11 2 35 42 20 08 2017 20 08 2017 Background and Aims: Disability is a global concern, involving a wide range of world’s population in all ages and social classes. Persons with disabilities have diverse personal factors with differences in gender, age, socioeconomic status, sexuality, ethnicity, or cultural herit­age. Women with disabilities experi­ence the combined disadvantages associated with gender as well as disability. People who experience mental health conditions or intellectual impairments appear to be more disadvantage in many settings than those who experience physical or sensory impairments. Children and adolescents with disabilities appear to have poorer oral health than their nondisabled counterparts. Variable access to dental care, inadequate oral hygiene and disability-related factors may account for the differences. Materials and Methods:  This observational study includes 51 mentally disabled school children aged 6 to 17 years old, live in Tehran, district18. All patients were examined for Plaque Index, Gingival Bleeding Index, DMFT/DMFT and Calculus Index by a dentist and under fluorescent light, by means of a mirror and a periodontal probe. Results: Average Plaque Index of the students was 1.74±0.66, GBI was 0.28, average of calculus Index was 0.06, DMFT was 5±4.3 and DMFT was 2.3±4.9. Conclusion: Results of this study confirms that disabled children of Tehran have poorer oral and dental condition in comparison with normal children. Therefore preventive oral hygiene programs and easy-access dental services allocating to disabled people are needed. 118 General Prevalence of tongue anomalies in children referred to Guilan Faculty of Dentistry, Rasht rabiee maryam k mousavi seyed ahmad l najafi saba m k iran l iran m iran 1 4 2016 11 2 43 50 20 08 2017 20 08 2017 Introduction: Oral mucosa frequently reveal different appearance, in some way they resulted in complain with pain and sensation. The aim of this study was determining the frequency of tongue variation composed of Geographic Tongue, Fissure Tongue, Ankyloglossia in children who was seeking for dental treatment in Guilan faculty of dentistry (2015-2016). Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out by 185 outpatients who recruited in this study. Their mouth was examined and tongue anomalies were noted. Demographic information was recorded. Their parent’s tongues were examined too. Data’s performed in SpSS V21 and statistical analysis was provided by χ2 test. Result: prevalence of tongue anomalies was 7% Ankyloglossia (3.8%complete, 3.2% partial), 5.4% geographic tongue, 4.3% fissure, 0.5% Median rhomboid glossitis as respectively. Occurrence of fissure tongue & geographic tongue simultaneously, geographic tongue with ankyloglosia, present of variation in their parents, and Consanguineous marriage were significantly in these subjects (P<0.05). Conclusion: along with geographic tongue, fissure tongue and Ankyloglossia association which pointed in most studies this study magnify that it may etiologically inherited congenital. 119 General Efficacy of educational intervention on plaque index among pre-school children Afshar H n Aezami R o GHandhari motlagh H p GHandhari motlagh M n Iran o Iran p Iran Iran 1 4 2016 11 2 51 60 20 08 2017 20 08 2017 Introduction: Dental plaque is the main factor of tooth caries and periodontal diseases, especially in childhood which is preventable by oral health education. We studied on efficacy of some interventional methods. Materials & Methods: Ten kindergartens With 126 three till five year-old kids randomly were participated in a randomized clinical trial in Amol, a city in the North of Iran. Effective factors in attending in study were no systematic diseases, not using medicines, no heavy crowding or no wearing appliances. Plaque was measured by Silness and Leo index. Groups are: 1.Tooth brushing instructions to children themselves, 2. tooth brushing instructions to children with a gift, 3. tooth brushing instructions to mothers and brushing under supervision of parents, 4.health instruction to mothers and brushing by parents, 5.health instruction to trainers and brushing by children. Dental visit was done 0, 1 week, 1 month and 3 months later in the morning, before having breakfast. Results: Groups 5, 4, 2, and 3 had more reduction in plaque index respectively. Conclusion: This study showed that kindergarten trainers have more ability to teach children with various teaching techniques. 120 General Salem K Azizi D Asadi M Iran Iran Iran 1 4 2016 11 2 61 76 20 08 2017 20 08 2017 Background and Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of molar incisor Hypomineralization (MIH) in 6-13year old rural children in Masal and Shanderman (Guilan, Iran) and also the possible predictive factors. Materials and Methods: Participants in the study included 553 children from public primary schools. In the first stage the frequency of MIH was determined based on clinical examination according to the introduced index by Weerheijm and then 204 children were divided into case and control groups for evaluation of possible causative factors. A questionnaire was used to collect data such as late pregnancy problems, problems at birth and neonatal diseases in the first three years. Data analysis was performed by SPSS-19. Chi-square test, t-test and regression were used to examine the relationship between different factors. Results:The prevalence of MIH among the study population was 13.5%. Among factors examined, “increasedbreastfeeding duration” had a significant impact on MIH. No significant difference was observed between the pattern of lesions of and the prevalence of MIH in different age groups. Most lesions were mild. The severe type (grade 3) was often observed in mandibular molars. The dental caries in MIH group was not significantly different from the control group. Conclusion: The prevalence of MIH is high in Masal and Shanderman. Breastfeeding duration may be considered as a risk factor in medical history, to seek an early examination of the first molars and incisors for early intervention. 121 General Dental reconstruction in hypohydrotic ectodermal dysplasia: case report Salem K Moazami F Iran Iran 1 4 2016 11 2 77 82 20 08 2017 20 08 2017 Background and aim: Ectodermaldysplasia is a hereditary disorder of ectodermthat involvesteeth, skin, and hair, nails, salivary, lacrimal and sweat glands. The most common type of diseaseishypohydrotic ectodermal dysplasia that is inherited as recessive x-linked trait. The main clinical symptoms are dry skin, sparse thinhair, small brittle nails, hyperkeratosis of palms and soles, complete or partial missing of sweat glands, hypodontia and oligodontia. Case report:The patient was a six years oldfemalewith hypohydrotic ectodermal dysplasia with the chief complaint of difficult eating. The clinical and radiographic examinations showed conical teeth and microdontia, hypodontia, increased overbite, and atrophic alveolar ridge. The oral rehabilitation was performed by constructing overdentures on both jaws.The oral functions including mastication, speaking and esthetics were improved to a large extent.