2026-09-13T23:50:47+03:30 http://jiapd.ir/browse.php?mag_id=18&slc_lang=fa&sid=1

18-338 2026-09-13 10.1002

Iranian Journal of Pediatric Dentistry ijpd 1735-8434 1735-8434 10.29252/ijpd 2022 17 1 2022 3 01 0 0 http://jiapd.ir/article-1-338-en.pdf

18-329 2026-09-13 10.1002

Iranian Journal of Pediatric Dentistry ijpd 1735-8434 1735-8434 10.29252/ijpd 2022 17 1 A Mohammadi.B.A M Karami M Nouri S.P Morovati Introduction: Oral health is one of the most important aspects of a healthy lifestyle and its improvement requires the use of appropriate educational methods to improve the level of empowerment of different groups in the society. The purpose of this study was to compare the efficiency of three methods of tooth brushing on Dental Plaque Index of 10-year-old female students in Sanandaj in 2019. Materials and Methods: This before-after study was performed on 120 female students in three groups. In each group, Modified Bass technique was trained with one of the following methods: on the dental model, in person training or play an instructional video. O'Leary Dental Plaque Index was measured at the baseline, immediately after training, 2 and 8 weeks after training. Data were analyzed in SPSS version20 using ANOVA، repeated measure ANOVA. The level of significance for these tests was considered 0.05. Results: In dental model training  group, Plaque Index was significantly reduced in 8 weeks follow-up  and was more effective than other two methods (P-value =0.001). In the video group, Plaque Index significantly decreased in two weeks follow-up, while showed a slight increase in 8 weeks (P-value =0.001).in In –person education group, Plaque Index did not show a significant decrease in the eighth week after training (P-value=0.452). Conclusion: In a population of 10 year old girls, Modified Bass technique training on dental model had the best results in reducing dental Plaque Index.   brushing method training dental plaque Modified Bass technique dental model instructional video 2022 3 01 1 11 http://jiapd.ir/article-1-329-en.pdf

18-331 2026-09-13 10.1002

Iranian Journal of Pediatric Dentistry ijpd 1735-8434 1735-8434 10.29252/ijpd 2022 17 1 M Moshfeghi F Tuyserkani N Jamalzadeh Introduction: Dental anomalies such as enamel pearl cause problems in the treatment process of patients. Accordingly, this study has investigated the prevalence of this anomaly. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, CBCT images of 150 patients (a total of 4,200 teeth) extracted from the radiology department of Shahid Beheshti Dental School between 2017 to 2018 were reviewed. The prevalence of the Enamel Pearl anomaly were evaluated. The images of each patient in the reconstructed panoramic view were examined, then each tooth was evaluated in MPR view and then in Cross section view with 0.5 mm thickness, finally the data were statistically analyzed. Results: In the present study, from a total of 4200 CBCT images, only two samples were diagnosed to have an Enamel Pearl anomaly. After examining one of the specimens in MPR and Multiplanar view, the initial diagnosis of Enamel Pearl was rejected by an experienced radiologist. Only in one case, Enamel Pearl anomaly was observed in the mesiobuccal and distobuccal furcation of the upper right second molar in the form of a round radiopaque nodule with definite boundaries, which had a prevalence of 0.02%. As this anomaly was observed in only one person, no statically relationship concluded between this anomaly and age, sex and tooth location. Conclusion: In the statistical population of the study, only one case of Enamel Pearl anomaly was observed by using CBCT imaging, which had a prevalence of 0.02%. CBCT Enamel Pearl Prevalence 2022 3 01 12 22 http://jiapd.ir/article-1-331-en.pdf

18-332 2026-09-13 10.1002

Iranian Journal of Pediatric Dentistry ijpd 1735-8434 1735-8434 10.29252/ijpd 2022 17 1 Z saboohi M Karimi Introduction: Maintaining the oral health of young children is influenced by the knowledge and beliefs of parents, especially their mothers. The aim of this study was to investigate the knowledge, attitude and practice(KAP) of mothers of 3-6 year old children in Saveh city in 2021 about the importance of deciduous teeth. Materials and methods: This descriptive-analytical study was performed on 400 mothers of children aged 3-6 years of Saveh health centers. The participants were selected by multi-stage sampling method. Data collection method was a researcher-made questionnaire based on the constructs of KAP. Data were analyzed using independent sample t-test, One-way ANOVA, and Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: Mean and standard deviation of knowledge, attitude and practice scores were 8.6 ± 2.3, 35.5 ± 6.6 and 7.8 ±2.1, respectively. The results showed that there was a positive and significant relationship between knowledge with attitude (r = 0.33) and attitude with practice (r = 0.72) (p <0.05). In total, 8% of children used dental floss once a day, 7.2% used a toothbrush once a day, and 50% used it 2 or 3 times a week. The most important reason for going to the dentist (61.7%) was the child's toothache. Conclusion: The results showed that the studied mothers had moderate knowledge, and poor attitude and practice. Due to the poor attitude and practice of mothers in flossing and brushing, designing and implementing an educational program for mothers on the importance of caring for deciduous teeth, it is recommended.   Knowledge Attitude practice Preschool child Baby tooth 2022 3 01 23 38 http://jiapd.ir/article-1-332-en.pdf

18-333 2026-09-13 10.1002

Iranian Journal of Pediatric Dentistry ijpd 1735-8434 1735-8434 10.29252/ijpd 2022 17 1 P Rahbar L Basir M.A Kavousi M Hafezi Introduction: Different methods for estimating age based on tooth development have been introduced. In the Camerirere method, the width of the apex of the second permanent molar tooth on the left side of the mandible is measured. The aim of this study was to compare the mean chronological and dental age obtained by the Cameriere method. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional analytic study, 240 panoramic radiographs of 120 girls and 120 boys aged 7 to 11 years old were examined. In the lower left quadrant of each radiography, the width of the open apex of the developing teeth and the length of these teeth, the number of closed apex teeth, the normalized number ( the result of dividing the width of the apex by the length of the tooth) and the sum of the normalized numbers were measured and calculated.   By Cameriere age estimation formula  age of each child was calculated  with values of these variables. Data were analyzed using dependent t-test and SPSS version 24. Results: The mean chronological age was 8.42 and their mean estimated age was 8.44 years. There is no significant difference between them(P= 0.616). The difference between the mean chronological and the estimated age in girls was -0.08  and in boys was 0.03 years, There is no significant difference between the means of chronological and estimated age in girls and boys (P= 0.162). Conclusion: Cameriere method in estimating the age of the studied samples also in both gender, has a high accuracy.   Cameriere method estimating age panoramic radiography 2022 3 01 39 52 http://jiapd.ir/article-1-333-en.pdf

18-335 2026-09-13 10.1002

Iranian Journal of Pediatric Dentistry ijpd 1735-8434 1735-8434 10.29252/ijpd 2022 17 1 S.R Soheili M Mehran Introduction: Children's fear and anxiety about receiving dental services is one of the major challenges in pediatric dentistry. This study was conducted to investigate the factors related to children's fear and anxiety about dental practices. Materials and Methods: In this review study, we appraised related academic articles of resources in Google scholar, Scopus, pubmed and domestic databases including: SID (Scientific information database), and MagIran using the English keywords Fears, Dental fear, Anxiety, Dental Anxiety, Patient Anxiety, and using the MeSh browser between 2019-2020. Results: The age of children in the studies ranged from 3 to 17 years. Research environments in the researches were the pediatric clinic of dental schools, schools and private dental offices. The variables that were studied in most studies were gender, age and history of dental treatment. The highest number of studies was performed to assess children's fear using the Dental Subscale of the Children's Fear Survey Schedule (CFSS-DS). The main factors related to children's fear were age, role of parents, family attitude, experiences of others, history of dental treatment. Conclusion: To promote children's oral health, it is necessary to identify the factors related to children's fear and anxiety about dental practices.   Fear Anxiety Pediatric Dentistry Pediatric Anxiety 2022 3 01 53 74 http://jiapd.ir/article-1-335-en.pdf

18-336 2026-09-13 10.1002

Iranian Journal of Pediatric Dentistry ijpd 1735-8434 1735-8434 10.29252/ijpd 2022 17 1 A Ansarinia S Salari sedigh A.M Montazeri E Moradi askari Introduction: There is a close relationship between immediate and correct management of dental trauma and its prognosis. The health educators are often the first people in contact with children in this places, so their awareness of how to deal with these injuries plays an important role in prevention and treatment of dental trauma. This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge of health educators in confrontation with dental injuries in primary schools of Rafsanjan in 2020. Methods and materials: In this cross-sectional study, all of 32 health instructors in primary schools of Rafsanjan were identified. After completing questionnaires, collected data from 30 health instructors were analyzed. In order to test the research hypotheses, Multiple regression, Non-parametric tests of spearman's rank correlation coefficient, Mann-Whitney and kruskal-wallis were utilized using SPSS software version 20. Results: The mean knowledge and attitude scores of health educators related to management of avulsion were 14.2±6.6 and 22.3 ± 65/41 respectively. There was no significant statistical correlation between knowledge score and age, work experience and education level and experience dealing with an avulsion (P>0.05). In this study, the knowledge score of the health educators who had passed the training was statistically higher than others (P<0.001). Conclusion: The results show insufficient knowledge of health educators about the management of dental trauma and the need to use strategies to improve the knowledge of health educators in this field. Because increasing awareness leads to better prognosis in dental traumas; it is necessary to hold training courses to increase the awareness of health educators.   Knowledge Attitude Tooth avulsion Tooth replantation 2022 3 01 75 85 http://jiapd.ir/article-1-336-en.pdf

18-337 2026-09-13 10.1002

Iranian Journal of Pediatric Dentistry ijpd 1735-8434 1735-8434 10.29252/ijpd 2022 17 1 M Shafeizadeh M Farajallahi M Ahmadian Kh Abdal   Introduction: Knowledge and attitude as important factors  for oral and teeth health play a positive  role in preventing oral and teeth diseases. The present study investigates the knowledge and attitude of parents toward the correct principles of  oral hygiene in 3 to 7 years old children in Ilam in 1399.                                                                          Materials and Methods: The present descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on 109 parents of 3- to 7-year-old children who were referred to dental clinics in Ilam. A researcher-made questionnaire was used as a data collection tool. The collected information was entered into SPSS 24 software and the significance level was considered as 0.05. Results: In this study, the mean score of mothers 'knowledge was 29±074/7 and the mean score of fathers' knowledge was 5±27. The mean score of mothers 'attitude was 6±53 and the mean score of fathers' attitude was 4±51. 16% had poor knowledge, 66% had moderate knowledge and 18% had a good knowledge. 14% of parents had poor attitude, 66% had moderate and 20% had a good attitude.  Statistical analysis showed a significant relationship between parents' knowledge and their age(p=/009) and education(p=/004). There was also a meaningful relationship between attitude and gender(p=/048), income (p=/019) and education (p=/018) . Conclusion: The results of this study showed that parents' information about the child's oral health observing is low. Therefore, education of parents seems necessary  at the community level.     Knowledge Attitude Parents Oral hygiene Child 2022 3 01 86 101 http://jiapd.ir/article-1-337-en.pdf